Project Objectives
- Design and refine a realistic 3D‑printed mouse tail model.
- Improve anatomical accuracy, material properties, and tactile realism.
- Distribute models and collect user feedback through structured surveys.
- Optimise printing processes and develop clear usage instructions.
- Develop additional variants (pigmented models, rat tails).
- Promote adoption via accessible design files, videos, and training resources.
How This Advances 3Rs Implementation
- Enables institutions to implement humane training alternatives.
- Reduces overall animal use by improving trainee competence.
- Encourages adoption of training models across research facilities.
- Provides open-access resources that support long-term refinement strategies.
- Demonstrates potential for similar models for other procedures.
Background
Intravenous injection is a routine yet technically challenging procedure in mouse research. Because mice have few easily accessible veins, trainees must develop precise hand positioning and needle control before performing reliable injections. Traditionally, this early learning phase relies on live animals, which is stressful for the animals. Existing artificial training models offer limited anatomical realism or durability, making them poor substitutes.
This project set out to create improved 3D‑printed mouse tail models that closely mimic the anatomy and tactile feel of a real mouse tail. Through iterative design, material refinement, and real‑world testing with researchers and trainers, the resulting models provide lifelike feedback and robust construction suited for repeated use. By enabling trainees to develop fundamental skills before transitioning to live animals, the project supports more ethical, efficient, and consistent training practices.
