This report provides a structured overview of national and international initiatives aimed at replacing and reducing the use of animals in research, testing and education.

Focusing on legally binding measures and regulatory-driven actions, the report maps developments across sectors such as cosmetics testing, chemical safety and biomedical research. It highlights policy shifts led by governments, international bodies and private actors that are influencing legislation, regulatory frameworks and official strategies worldwide.

Over the past decade, significant momentum has emerged across multiple regions, including the European Union, the United States and China, toward the adoption of non-animal methods. From binding bans in cosmetics testing to strategic roadmaps in regulatory toxicology and research funding priorities, a broad transformation is underway.

This report aims to provide a factual, comparative foundation for understanding how alternative methods are being embedded into policy and practice globally.

A forthcoming complementary report will explore funding mechanisms, research programmes and institutional support systems that facilitate the development and implementation of alternative approaches.